All types of night vision goggles currently available are optoelectronic devices that enable individuals to see in low-light conditions. Gen 1-3 models and digital versions of these optics are widely used in various fields of activity, opening up unlimited possibilities for users in the dark.

NVG Quick-compare Table

Gen 1 Goggles

The simplest, cheapest and least functional are generation 1 night vision goggles. These devices have an outdated image intensifier tube and rely solely on moonlight and starlight to enhance the image. The absence of an IR illuminator in the design limits Gen 1 models to use only immediately after sunset or a few minutes before sunrise. Other features of this type of NVG include bulkiness, limited resolution, small detection range and the presence of defects in any image.

Pros:

• low price;
• efficiency in performing simple tasks;
• suitable for beginners to get acquainted with the operation of night optics.

Cons:

• low resolution and image quality;
• weak characteristics and a minimum of functions.

Gen 2 Goggles

An improved version of the Gen 1 models is the generation 2 night vision goggles. These devices are equipped with a more modern image intensifier tube featuring a microchannel plate, which enables a significant increase in the number of electrons. This effect improves image quality and eliminates many defects. Additionally, the Gen 2 models feature a higher resolution, a wider detection range, and are suitable for use even in very low light conditions, operating on the principles of both passive and active night vision. When comparing passive vs active NV, it is worth highlighting the effectiveness of both options in certain situations, which makes Gen 2 the most versatile optics.

Pros:

• affordable price;
• image quality;
• additional features.

Cons:

• fast battery drain;

Gen 3 Goggles

Even more advanced are generation 3 night vision goggles. These devices feature a gallium arsenide photocathode, enabling increased light gain and the elimination of many image defects. Additionally, Gen 3 models differ from their predecessors in terms of higher sensor sensitivity, longer battery life, and broader functionality. Due to this, this optics is the most popular among the military and civilians. It is easily fixed to the head and features a helmet-mount design, ensuring it does not create problems even during fast movement. The device's performance in various lighting conditions is also significantly higher than that of its predecessors.

Pros:

• high image quality;
• a large number of use options;
• efficiency in different lighting conditions.

Cons:

• overpriced;
• difficulty in choosing the optimal settings.

Digital/CMOS Goggles

A modern version of traditional NVGs models is digital night vision goggles. They are equipped with a CMOS matrix, which serves as a sensor to create high-quality images. Unlike Gen 1-3, digital devices enhance the image by converting light photons into an electrical signal. The system processes it, and the result is displayed on the night optics display. Digital NVGs are considered more versatile. They are suitable for use in any environment, have no limitations on the sensor's service life, are compact and lightweight, and have a broader range of functionality. Thanks to these features, Digital NVGs become indispensable for low-light hunting, airsoft and paintball, as well as hiking and other outdoor adventures.

Pros:

• versatility;
• low price;

Cons:

• resolution limited by matrix;
• possible image defects.

Military vs Civilian Use

Today, military personnel and civilians actively use goggles, clip-on systems, monoculars, binoculars, cameras, and other optical devices. However, military night vision goggles differ significantly from civilian NVGs. They have a wider field of view (for example, GPNVG), increased resolution, high detection range and other parameters. This allows the military to use green, red or blue night vision goggles to perform the most complex tasks even in extreme conditions. There are also thermal night vision goggles used by the military, which combine the capabilities of classic NVGs and thermal imagers (thermal overlay mode). Civilian models are simpler and adapted for use in more favorable environmental conditions. They differ from military devices in that they have less desirable characteristics, a lower price, and a limited set of functions.

ITAR & Legal

In the US, everything related to NVGs is regulated by ITAR. According to the existing rules, it is prohibited to export such optics outside the country without a special permit. At the same time, civilians can purchase NVGs from authorized dealers within the US. The use of night vision goggles legal not in all states. Each has its own restrictions and prohibitions that must be followed. In the EU and other European countries, a similar situation exists. In some countries, it is possible to export, sell, and use such optics, while in others, it is not allowed or permitted with certain restrictions.

Choosing the Right NVG

When selecting the best night vision goggles for hunting, tourism, driving, wildlife watching, and other activities, consider four key criteria. The type of terrain is the main one. Depending on the environment, you need to prioritize models with specific characteristics and functionality. The level of illumination is the following criterion. The more light there is, the simpler the models you can use. Next, the mounting method. You can mount it on your head or helmet, depending on the user's needs. An equally important criterion is the price. The more expensive the optics, the broader their capabilities.

Conclusion

The different types of night vision goggles that exist today are indispensable devices. They help everyone see in poor lighting conditions and perform various tasks. Thanks to their capabilities, the military and civilians are rediscovering the night and making darkness their ally. To experience all the benefits of NV glasses, visit the AGM catalog, where you can find the optimal model for your needs.

FAQ block

What Are Night Vision Goggles?

Night vision goggles are an optoelectronic device that enables the user to see in low-light conditions. They are used by both military and civilians alike to help them perform a variety of tasks at night.

Which is Better: NVGs vs GPNVGs?

GPNVGs have a wider field of view, making them a better choice for quickly scanning your surroundings. NVGs are also lighter, making them more suitable for situations where quick movement is required.

What NVGs does the Army use?

In most cases, the military uses the current Gen 3+ night vision goggles and their improved versions for specific missions. In some situations, digital NVGs are becoming a requirement for soldiers.

Do Night Vision Goggles Thermal Exist?

Yes, they do. They are standard versions of NVGs that are supplemented with thermal imaging, allowing the user to see normally even in complete darkness.

What Are Generation 4 Night Vision Goggles?

NVGs Gen 4 are improved models of Gen 3, which have increased sensitivity, high resolution, and wider functionality. Gen 4 was not officially recognized, so these devices are classified as Gen 3+.

Is It Legal for Civilians to Use Night Vision Goggles?

The legality of civilian use of NVGs depends on the laws of the particular country. In most cases, these devices are permitted or permitted with some restrictions.

How Much Do Night Vision Goggles Cost?

The price depends on the device's characteristics and capabilities. Models for beginners will always be several times cheaper than NVGs intended for professional use.

Modified: Oct 29, 2025 | 07:05 pm